Excessive use of fossil fuels in gas and petrochemical industries, along with outdated public transport systems, is a primary cause of pollution in Iran, according to environmental experts. They emphasize the need for a cohesive strategy to combat pollution, which has yet to be presented by the government.
Starting in 2025, wealthy nations have pledged to contribute $300 billion annually to a global fund aimed at supporting developing countries like Iran in combating climate change. This initiative follows the 2015 Paris Agreement, which seeks to limit global warming to no more than 1.5 degrees Celsius.
Experts warn that developing countries, including Iran, are disproportionately affected by climate change. The recent years have seen a lack of effective strategies to address global warming, particularly due to conflicts in Europe and the Middle East.
Failure to address climate change could lead to severe consequences, including decreased water resources, food shortages, increased forced migrations due to drought, and the extinction of various plant and animal species. Currently, 75% of Iran's land is classified as arid or semi-arid, which exacerbates these challenges.
Furthermore, the United Nations has reported that desertification, dust storms, and air pollution threaten public health and the economy. A national initiative to plant one billion trees in Iran has been proposed, emphasizing the importance of selecting species suitable for local climates and ensuring their maintenance until maturity.
To combat climate change, experts recommend optimizing energy systems and transitioning to renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind. Educational campaigns and a cultural shift towards protecting natural resources and enhancing green spaces are also essential.