Recent research led by marine biologist Madalena Pereira Cabral has revealed that the movements of giant manta rays (Mobula birostris) are significantly influenced by the El Niño phenomenon. This discovery, made in Revillagigedo National Park, Mexico, underscores the importance of understanding environmental factors affecting this endangered species.
For over four years, Pereira Cabral has dedicated her efforts to studying these majestic creatures in North America's largest marine protected area. Her research indicates that during El Niño years, manta rays are more concentrated in Revillagigedo due to reduced food availability elsewhere. Conversely, during La Niña years, food abundance leads to greater dispersal.
This study utilized satellite tagging to track manta ray movements, revealing that many individuals leave the protected area, exposing them to fishing threats outside. The findings stress the need for effective conservation management, including the establishment of 'migravías'—underwater corridors connecting marine protected areas.
Overall, this research not only enhances our understanding of manta ray behavior but also emphasizes the critical need for international cooperation in marine conservation efforts.