On January 13, the world commemorates "World Depression Day," aimed at raising awareness about a mental illness that affects over 300 million people globally. Discussing depression is crucial for promoting treatment and prevention; awareness is key to providing support to those in need.
The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) highlights that one in four individuals will face mental disorders, with depression being one of the most common. Each year, millions struggle with depression, a leading cause of disability. Unfortunately, it is often underestimated, underdiagnosed, and undertreated, making it a significant risk factor for suicide.
Symptoms can be diverse and often go unnoticed, complicating timely diagnosis and leading to prolonged suffering with severe consequences for physical and emotional health. Common characteristics of depressive disorders include persistent sadness, loss of motivation, lack of interest in daily activities, social isolation, sleep disturbances, appetite changes, concentration difficulties, excessive fatigue, unjustified feelings of guilt, hopelessness, and thoughts of death or suicide.
Recognizing these symptoms is vital; seeking psychological and medical support is essential. Healthcare teams must incorporate the detection of depressive symptoms into their daily clinical practice.
A timely diagnosis is crucial, as untreated or poorly managed depression can lead to severe consequences, including suicidal thoughts or attempts. Understanding that depression is not a sign of weakness, but a mental health disorder with multiple causes—genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological—is essential. An integrated approach combining psychological and medical care with social and family support networks is fundamental for successful treatment. Most individuals with depression respond positively to appropriate treatment, significantly improving their quality of life.
In 2024, access to psychotherapy expanded with measures to subsidize antidepressants, facilitating the approach and treatment of depression. Clinical guidelines were published, including one focused on managing this condition in primary care, offering specific directives for healthcare professionals to enhance early detection and appropriate treatment. Through these guidelines, the aim is to standardize procedures, optimize treatment, and ensure patients receive timely and high-quality care from their first contact with the healthcare system.
Depression is a psychological disorder that profoundly alters a person's thinking, feeling, or behavior. It is not merely sadness or a bad mood; it is a serious condition that requires treatment and support.
Family plays a crucial role in the emotional and psychological development of children, as this is where they acquire key tools to manage their emotions, develop self-esteem, and build healthy relationships. While we cannot always prevent them from facing difficult situations, providing safe environments with communication, respect, and trust is essential. We must equip them with tools to face challenges and teach them to seek help when needed.
"How was your day?" aims to help parents understand their children's concerns and provide practical resources to address mental health positively and respectfully.